Architecture
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| + | ===The Course Objectives=== | ||
| + | [[File:oxford.gif|150px|right]] | ||
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| + | The Learning to Look at Western Architecture is a course taught by Oxford University's Continuing Education Department. The course is designed to enable students to 'read' the architecture of the Western world in a critically informed way. Students learn to recognise and differentiate between the major architectural styles of the western tradition and gain a greater understanding of the way that buildings are built, and why they look the way they do. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The course takes a more or less chronological look at Architecture from Greek and Roman times and observe how the elements of classical architectural tradition of earlier periods have been reflected and translated through [[Gothic]], [[Renaissance]] and [[Modern]] architectural styles. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Below is a table of the major archtiectural styles studied with links to further information on the styles and architects who were most prominent during those periods. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" | {| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" | ||
|+ '''Architectural table''' | |+ '''Architectural table''' | ||
| Line 10: | Line 20: | ||
! colspan="2" style="background-color: #efefef;" | Century | ! colspan="2" style="background-color: #efefef;" | Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Greek | + | | [[Greek]] |
| colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" valign="top" | | | colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" valign="top" | | ||
Sub Style | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Parthenon]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Greece |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 400 BC |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Roman | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Roman]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Colosseum]] [[Pantheon]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Italy |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 1st and 2nd Century |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Byzantine | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Byzantine]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Hagia Sophia]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Turkey |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 1st Century |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Carolingian | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Carolingian]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Famous Architects|Architect]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Famous Architects|Architect]] | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Lorsch]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Germany |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 8th Century |
|- | |- | ||
| Line 43: | Line 53: | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Duomo di Pisa]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Italy |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 11th Century |
|- | |- | ||
| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic]] | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic#Early Gothic|Early]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic#Early Gothic|Early]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Laon Cathedral]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Laon Cathedral]] [[Durham Catherdral]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | France | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | France/UK |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 12th Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 12th Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Gothic | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Gothic | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Perpendicular Gothic|Perpendicular]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic#Perpendicular Gothic|Perpendicular]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Architect | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Bath Abbey]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | UK |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 12th Century |
|- | |- | ||
| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Renaissance | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Renaissance | ||
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| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Renaissance]] | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Renaissance]] | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Mannerism]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Renaissance#Mannerism|Mannerism]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Famous Architects#Michelangelo|Michelangelo]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Famous Architects (H-P)#Michelangelo|Michelangelo]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Laurentian Library]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Laurentian Library]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Italy | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Italy | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 16th Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 16th Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Baroque]] | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Baroque]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | European Continental | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | European Continental | ||
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| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Neo-Classical | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Neo-Classical]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Palladian]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Palladian]] | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Inigo Jones|Inigo Jones]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Inigo Jones|Inigo Jones]] [[Famous Architects#Palladio|Palladio]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Banqueting House]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Banqueting House]] [[Villa Capra]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | UK | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | UK/Italy |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 17th Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 17th Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Neo-Classical | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Neo-Classical | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Post | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Palladian#Post Palladian|Post Palladian]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Robert Adam|Robert Adam]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Robert Adam|Robert Adam]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Apsley House]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Apsley House]] | ||
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| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Arc de Triomphe]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Arc de Triomphe]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | France | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | France | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 19th Century | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Gothic Revival]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Famous Architects (H-P)#Pugin|Pugin]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Palace of Westminster]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | UK | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 19th Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 19th Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 20th Century | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 20th Century | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Modern | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Modern]] |
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[International]] | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Modern#International Style|International]] |
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Van der Rohr|Van de Rohr]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Van der Rohr|Van de Rohr]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Seagram]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Seagram]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | USA | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | USA | ||
| − | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Century | + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 20th Century |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Post Modern | + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Modern |
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Modern#Brutalist|Brutalist]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Goldfinger|Goldfinger]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Trellick]] | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | UK | ||
| + | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | 20th Century | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |||
| + | | style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[Post Modern]] | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | Sub Style | ||
| ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Graves|Graves]] | | ! colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 2px solid grey;" | [[#Graves|Graves]] | ||
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|} | |} | ||
| − | The Second assignment on [[The dawning of Whiggish philosophy and Architecture]] is here | + | The [[Architecture Glossary]] is here |
| + | |||
| + | *The First assigment on [[Wells Cathedral]] is here. | ||
| + | *The Second assignment on [[The dawning of Whiggish philosophy and Architecture]] is here | ||
[[Category:Architecture]] | [[Category:Architecture]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:16, 28 April 2011
[edit] The Course Objectives
The Learning to Look at Western Architecture is a course taught by Oxford University's Continuing Education Department. The course is designed to enable students to 'read' the architecture of the Western world in a critically informed way. Students learn to recognise and differentiate between the major architectural styles of the western tradition and gain a greater understanding of the way that buildings are built, and why they look the way they do.
The course takes a more or less chronological look at Architecture from Greek and Roman times and observe how the elements of classical architectural tradition of earlier periods have been reflected and translated through Gothic, Renaissance and Modern architectural styles.
Below is a table of the major archtiectural styles studied with links to further information on the styles and architects who were most prominent during those periods.
| Architectural Style | Sub-Style | Architect | Building | Country | Century | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greek |
Sub Style |
Architect | Parthenon | Greece | 400 BC | |||||
| Roman | Sub Style | Architect | Colosseum Pantheon | Italy | 1st and 2nd Century | |||||
| Byzantine | Sub Style | Architect | Hagia Sophia | Turkey | 1st Century | |||||
| Carolingian | Sub Style | Architect | Lorsch | Germany | 8th Century | |||||
| Romanesque | Sub Style | Architect | Duomo di Pisa | Italy | 11th Century | |||||
| Gothic | Early | Architect | Laon Cathedral Durham Catherdral | France/UK | 12th Century | |||||
| Gothic | Decorated | Architect | York Minster | UK | 11th Century | |||||
| Gothic | Perpendicular | Architect | Bath Abbey | UK | 12th Century | |||||
| Renaissance | Early | Brunelleschi Alberti | Florence Cathedral S. Francesco | Italy | 15th Century | |||||
| Renaissance | High | Bramante | Tempietto S Pietro | Italy | 16th Century | |||||
| Renaissance | Mannerism | Michelangelo | Laurentian Library | Italy | 16th Century | |||||
| Baroque | European Continental | Guarani Juvarra Vittone | S. Lorenzo Superga Valinotto | Italy | Century | |||||
| Baroque | English | WrenVanbrughHawksmoor | St Paul's Castle Howard Blenheim | UK | Century | |||||
| Neo-Classical | Palladian | Inigo Jones Palladio | Banqueting House Villa Capra | UK/Italy | 17th Century | |||||
| Neo-Classical | Post Palladian | Robert Adam | Apsley House | UK | Century | |||||
| Neo-Classical | Empire | Percier Fontaine | Arc de Triomphe | France | 19th Century | |||||
| Gothic Revival | Sub Style | Pugin | Palace of Westminster | UK | 19th Century | |||||
| Bauhaus | Sub Style | Gropius | Bauhaus | Germany | 20th Century | |||||
| Art Nouveau | Modernisme | Gaudi | Sagrada | Spain | 20th Century]] | |||||
| Art Deco | Art Deco | Van Allen | Chrysler | USA | 20th Century | |||||
| Modern | International | Van de Rohr | Seagram | USA | 20th Century | |||||
| Modern | Brutalist | Goldfinger | Trellick | UK | 20th Century | |||||
| Post Modern | Sub Style | Graves | Portland PBS | USA | 20th Century | |||||
The Architecture Glossary is here
- The First assigment on Wells Cathedral is here.
- The Second assignment on The dawning of Whiggish philosophy and Architecture is here
